Internet in Pakistan is inhibited by spectrum challenges, a slow progression towards next generation connectivity, and a high reliance on mobile broadband - robust and expanded fixed-line infrastructure is critical for reliable high speed connectivity.
Authored by Umar Nadeem, Aliza Amin, and Navid Qazi, the working paper assesses the core Internet infrastructure landscape in Pakistan. The authors examine the supply-side limitations of Pakistan’s fixed line connectivity. Their work finds that Pakistan’s policy and regulatory space is not equipped to meet the country’s increasing internet needs.
At present, the average monthly data demand stands at 8 to 10 gigabytes per user which will need support from a robust fibre optic backbone. There are less than 250,000 fibre-to-the-home connections. Only 9% of mobile towers are connected to a fibre optic network (the international benchmark is over 40%). All this adds up to a quality of service that is not equipped to accelerate the Digital Pakistan dream.
According to estimates, an investment of at least $6 billion is required to address the potential target pool of 10 million house passes. An investment of this magnitude is beyond the current capacity and intent of existing service providers who are investing around $100 to $150 million per annum on fixed broadband.
Tabadlab’s working paper recommends that the first step towards addressing Pakistan’s fixed broadband challenge is for the government to create a national broadband strategy that centres the role of fibre optic. The authors illustrate areas where the current policy landscape will require greater attention: clearly defined objectives and longer-term outcomes; policy frameworks devised to protect both business and consumer interests; robust implementation and accountability that optimises the number of implementing bodies needed; and coherence among different policies that centres outcomes enabled through digital.
Umar Nadeem, a founding partner at Tabadlab, said: “This market has the potential for 15x growth in fibre-to-the-home connections. At the current rate of investment and the corresponding increase in supply, this potential may not be realised for another 20 years. This will only change when Pakistan improves how it treats telecom investors on matters of taxation, regulation, and institutional support.”
Note to Editor:
1. About Tabadlab
Tabadlab is a public policy think tank and advisory services firm based in Islamabad, Pakistan, that enables firms, institutions and leaders to achieve better outcomes for all. Tabadlab’s approach to understanding change focuses on the intersection of data and evidence, strategic communication and persuasion, and political engagement.
2. About the paper and authors
This is Tabadlab’s 10th Working Paper and has been published under the Centre for Digital Transformation. Read and download the complete paper here. This paper is authored by Umar Nadeem, Aliza Amin, and Navid Qazi.
Umar Nadeem is the Head of Advisory at Tabadlab. He works at the intersection of evidence, technology and policy with experience in policy analysis, design and management of large-scale programmes and digital transformations, and has led multi-disciplinary portfolios advising governments and corporations in Asia, Europe and Africa. Umar holds a Master of Public Policy (MPP) from the Blavatnik School of Government, University of Oxford.
Aliza Amin is a Policy Associate at Tabadlab’s Centre for Digital Transformation, where she is responsible for research and analysis of the policy landscape, the evolution of digital ecosystems and advisory for transformations. She has been a researcher at Wellesley College and MIT and has worked with non-profit organisations in Pakistan, Morocco and the United States. Aliza graduated from Wellesley College in 2020.
Navid Qazi brings over two decades of experience in setting up and growing technology centric businesses in international markets. Most recently, he was responsible for Cisco’s Web-Scale, Cloud and Global Accounts segment in APJC based in Singapore. He has been advising early stage tech companies to expand their global footprint across Europe, Middle East and Asia Pacific. He is a certified board director and has been on the Board of American Business Council. He has also attended executive education programs at MIT Sloan and INSEAD.