The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has recommended Pakistan overhaul its tax machinery and to tax non-essential items including luxury goods and even cigarettes to boost revenue and improve public health, claimed health advocates and experts.
“This is a crucial time for the government to fix economic problems and implement the IMF's recommendations,” said Professor Muhammad Zaman, head of Zaman Research Center at Quaid-i-Azam University (QAU).
He claimed the IMF report has referred to a study on this subject conducted by Capital Calling, an Islamabad-based think tank, which says the cigarette consumption has decreased due to an increase in its prices.
He said there is a need to bring into account the cost of morbidity and mortality that smoking inflicts on society.
“Smoking is injurious to health regardless of the cigarette brand,” he said. He pointed to critical flaws within Pakistan's tax system particularly the cigarette industry, which have facilitated a loss of Rs567 billion during last seven years, as revealed by the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI).
The study further exposed the influence of multinational cigarette companies on policymakers, particularly evident in the introduction of a three-tier excise duty structure in 2017, which prioritized revenue collection over public health considerations. However, subsequent analysis proved this approach to be ineffective and misleading in revenue generation.
The SDPI research, highlighting global best practices and how high and middle-income countries have successfully used high cigarette taxes to reduce consumption and boost government revenues.
Pakistan, however, lacks a coherent strategy in utilizing cigarette taxation and pricing as a public health tool.
Dr Hassan Shehzad, from the International Islamic University Islamabad (IIUI), echoed sentiments from the World Health Organization (WHO), stressing the need to shield tobacco tax policies from vested interests of cigarette companies to ensure effective development, implementation, and enforcement of public health initiatives.