Dynastic Politics: Economic Liberalization And The Unsettled Question Of Prosperity

Pakistan's intricate political landscape, replete with its twists and turns, resounds with the echoes of uncertainty. As history continues to unfurl before our very eyes, we stand as an audience to a drama that remains, to its core, enigmatic and unpredictable.

Dynastic Politics: Economic Liberalization And The Unsettled Question Of Prosperity

In the annals of time, during the era when the 13-party alliance ascended to the throne under the sagacious leadership of Mian Shahbaz Sharif, an unanticipated shift cast the mantle of foreign affairs upon the youthful shoulders of Bilawal Bhutto-Zardari. This responsibility had once been a secondary role for the former prime minister, an officeholder who rarely ventured beyond the nation's borders. Yet, in the ever-evolving theater of foreign policy, a multitude of fronts opened up, thrusting the fledgling foreign minister into a realm replete with daunting obligations.

At home, the laborious task of Constitution making absorbed the government's every thought. Over the preceding three and a half years, the relentless pursuit of the NAB (National Accountability Bureau) became a veritable thorn in their side, prompting the necessity to curtail its influence. Serendipitously, their political adversaries found themselves not only unseated but exiled from the hallowed halls of the National Assembly. Remarkably, the Tehreek-e-Insaaf took it upon itself to not only grant an open platform to the opposition, who had vociferously decried their government as illegitimate, but also orchestrated the dismantling of their very own governments in two provinces.

The Constitution's unwavering call for provincial elections, a chorus repeated emphatically by the opposition and echoed by the courts, remained an unfulfilled promise. The pursuit of peaceful protest soon found itself entangled in the treacherous embrace of sedition. The dissolution of the formidable thirteen-party coalition government in the Centre raises disconcerting questions regarding the precarious state of constitutional governance in Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab. As the tenure of the interim government at the federal level nears its conclusion, the ominous specter of the timing for the impending general elections looms overhead. 

This brazen move, emblematic of crony capitalism's grip on the nation, has become the disheartening norm since the onset of so-called economic liberalization process.

As it is the case, the caretaker government has approved an astounding 193% increase in domestic gas tariffs to rescue struggling utilities, paradoxically declining to dismantle subsidies for the wealthiest exporters and industrialists. This brazen move, emblematic of crony capitalism's grip on the nation, has become the disheartening norm since the onset of so-called economic liberalization process.

This intricate political landscape, replete with its twists and turns, resounds with the echoes of uncertainty. As history continues to unfurl before our very eyes, we stand as an audience, captivated by a drama that remains, to its core, enigmatic and unpredictable.

Adding complexity to the political tableau, the NAB law has been resurrected by the courts, thereby reopening cases entwined with the dynastic party leadership. The former foreign minister now finds himself gripped by anxiety as uncertainties surround the impending general elections. He laments the imposition of an unprecedented form of martial law, casting a long shadow over the nation's historical tapestry.

In an astonishing twist, Mian Nawaz Sharif, who had been detained for his refusal to disclose the details of his foreign and domestic assets, returned from his protracted sojourn in London. He secured interim bail, addressing a vast assembly of supporters before nimbly sidestepping a return to his prison cell, instead opting for the refuge of Jaati Umra. What dramatic developments will unfold next in this political saga is anyone's guess. Even the venerable constitutional expert Aitzaz Ahsan, once convinced that Nawaz Sharif would never reappear, now finds himself grappling with the vagaries of the political narrative.

The dynastic parties, the pioneers of elite politics, once fervent advocates of a free-market economy, ultimately succumbed to the allure of IMF-sponsored privatization and the division of its spoils amongst themselves. This calculated omission marred the formation of institutions designed to ensure accountability and the vitality of local democracy. In the early 90s, at the behest of international financial institutions, a wave of privatization surged, accompanied by the lifting of bans on capital flight and profit repatriation overseas. In an already lopsided society, this heralded an era where unbridled capitalist avarice ran rampant, breeding monopolies that stifled innovation and sustainable growth.

The two dynastic parties, the PML-N and the People's Party, covertly acquiesced to each other's dominance, their implicit agreement enshrined within the Charter of Democracy. 

Civil governments became complicit in sheltering these entities or furthering the interests of their respective parties. Local governments suffered a similar fate after the almost conclusion of privatization process by Musharraf regime, swept away in the maelstrom of bureaucratic forces. Out of the ensuing tempest, an enigmatic hybrid system emerged, granting an unprecedented level of autonomy to the police and superseding social welfare with the autonomous authority of independent environmental commissions. Development projects, once at the whim of local governments, were now at the disposal of provincial and national assembly representatives. Chief Ministers in provincial centers, far removed from the central regions of Punjab, wielded unchecked power, bestowing blessings upon some and withholding favor from others at their capricious discretion.

Monopolies, however, cast a long shadow over the broader landscape, influencing not just the economic sphere but also the intricacies of politics. The two dynastic parties, the PML-N and the People's Party, covertly acquiesced to each other's dominance, their implicit agreement enshrined within the Charter of Democracy. The delicate balance of power between federal authority and provincial autonomy remained perpetually in flux, a recurring theatrical performance in the political arena. As one party ascended to power, their allies gracefully assumed the role of opposition, and this two-party system, far from being an accident, was underpinned by a deeply ingrained reactionary mindset.

Nevertheless, the courts, as they address the concerns of Nawaz Sharif, must also delve into the underlying question of why the people were seemingly excluded from this supposed journey toward "prosperity."

Unspoken agreements guided their every word and action, shrouded in a veil of secrecy and whispered promises. This narrative transcended the realms of mere politics to become an essential chapter in our nation's arduous journey.

Yet, at the heart of this intricate narrative lies the enduring question of accountability. Even as whispers of a new political party pervade the air, genuine progress remains an elusive dream without a commitment to accountability. Mian Nawaz Sharif, upon his return, did more than just extol the virtues of respecting the vote; he posed a poignant question. He demanded to know why, when his government purportedly steered the nation down the highway to prosperity, he was unceremoniously ousted. As the legal machinery grinds into action against him, the hope now resides in the pursuit of justice. Nevertheless, the courts, as they address the concerns of Nawaz Sharif, must also delve into the underlying question of why the people were seemingly excluded from this supposed journey toward "prosperity."

In this captivating and ever-evolving drama, where each act unfolds with an air of enigma and unpredictability, we stand as witnesses, eager to decipher the complex narrative that continues to shape our nation's destiny.

The author is a policy analyst