Pakistan experienced continuous political instability in 2024 despite holding general elections. The Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI), one of the country's largest political parties, declared the elections rigged, while its leader and former Prime Minister, Imran Khan, remained behind bars—even as the party retained control of the provincial government in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Throughout the year, multiple crises hit the nation, yet the economy showed signs of stabilizing, and Pakistan made some advancements in its diplomatic relations. To discuss these developments and more, Editor-at-Large of Naya Daur Media and The Friday Times, Raza Rumi, joined host Rabia Mehmood on this episode. Rumi, an author and educator of human rights and policy at City University New York, shared insights on Pakistan's numerous challenges, including the rise in militancy and terrorist attacks. He highlighted the military establishment's lack of prioritization in addressing the growing wave of terrorism. Rumi also discussed the failure of successive governments to tackle critical issues such as population growth, which exacerbates the climate crisis. While speaking of the region, Rumi stated that the instability in the Middle East is likely to spill over into Pakistan, and there is a possibility that after the fall of Damascus, Saudi Arabia will want to convince Pakistan to normalise relations with Israel. The conversation further explored the struggles faced by civil society and progressive groups in Pakistan, particularly their limited ability to fight for and secure human rights victories.